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Alfred Marston Tozzer (4 July 1877 – 5 October 1954) was an American anthropologist, archaeologist, linguist, and educator. His principal area of interest was Mesoamerican, especially Maya, studies.〔The source for this article (unless otherwise noted) is Philip Phillips, “Alfred Marsten Tozzer 1877-1954,” ''American Antiquity'', 21:1 (Jul. 1955): 72-80. See also David A. Browman and Stephen Williams, ''Anthropology at Harvard: A Biographical History'' (Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum Press, 2013), 302-05.〕 He was the husband of Margaret Castle Tozzer 〔"Many Interesting Weddings and Engagements," ''New York Times'' 2 Feb. 1913: X3; "Dr. Alfred Tozzer, Anthropologist, 77," ''New York Times'' 6 Oct. 1954: 25.〕 and father of figure skating champion Joan Tozzer. ==Early studies and career== Alfred Tozzer was born in Lynn, Massachusetts was born to Samuel Clarence (1846-1908) and Caroline (née Marston, 1847-1926) Tozzer, and graduated in Anthropology from Harvard University in 1900. That summer he entered field as an assistant to Harvard’s Roland Dixon to study American Indian languages of California. The following year he collected linguistic and ethnographic data on the Navajos living near Pueblo Bonito in New Mexico. From these experiences he published his first paper, which he presented at the Thirteenth International Congress of Americanists held in New York in 1902. In December 1901, he won appointment as a Traveling Fellow for the Archeological Institute of America. He spent several seasons in Yucatán conducting fieldwork among the Maya. He began at the Hacienda Chichen, owned by U.S. Consul to Yucatán Edward H. Thompson, a large plantation that included the ancient city of Chichen Itza. There he studied the Maya language and traveled the countryside collecting folk tales and oral histories. During one of his seasons at Chichen Itza he helped Thompson dredge the Cenote Sagrado; at the end of another, he carried artifacts to the Peabody Museum in his luggage.〔Mary McVicker, Adela Breton: A Victorian Artist Amid Mexico's Ruins (University of New Mexico Press, 2005)〕 In 1903, Tozzer traveled to Campeche and Chiapas to conduct research among the Lacandon Maya, and lived for several weeks in a small settlement on Lake Pethá, witnessing and even participating in their ceremonies. He returned there during the 1904 season, and wrote his PhD dissertation comparing the ceremonies of the Lacondone Maya with the Yucatecan Maya.〔His dissertation was published in 1907 by the AIA as A Comparative Study of the Maya and the Lacandones.〕 In the fall of 1904, he studied at Columbia University under Franz Boas and Adolph Bandelier. He spent one more season in Yucatán, Campeche and Chiapas, before settling at Harvard in the fall of 1905 as an assistant professor of anthropology. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Alfred Tozzer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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